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Article Contents

ABSTRACT

1.INTRODUCTION

1.1.The Biggest and the Brightest

1.2.Overview

2.THE DISCOVERY OF ULIRGs

3.THE PHYSICS OF LOCAL ULIRGs

3.1.Optical to mid-IR Imaging

3.2.Optical & near-IR Spectroscopy

3.3.Mid-infrared spectroscopy

3.4.Radio Continuum Studies: AGN vs Luminous Radio Supernovae

3.5.Molecular gas: CO & HCN Observations

3.6.Maser Emission

3.7.X-Ray Emission

4.THE EMERGING PICTURE OF ULIRGs: LOCAL UNIVERSE

5.ULIRGs AT HIGH REDSHIFT

5.1.The cosmic infrared background

5.2.Resolving the CIB: LIRGs and ULIRGs at 0 < z < 1.5

5.3.Resolving the CIB: ULIRGs at z > 1.5

6.ULIRGs AND LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE

7.OPEN QUESTIONS AND NEW DIRECTIONS

8.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES