Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 1994. 32: 531-590 Copyright © 1994 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved

Reprinted with kind permission from Annual Reviews, 4139 El Camino Way, Palo Alto, California, USA

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KEY WORDS: black holes, Population III stars, background radiation, gravitational lensing, brown dwarfs

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

EVIDENCE FOR DARK MATTER

Local Dark Matter

Spiral Galaxies

Elliptical Galaxies

Dwarf Galaxies

Groups and Clusters of Galaxies

BARYONIC VS NONBARYONIC DARK MATTER

Cosmological Nucleosynthesis

Microwave Anisotropies

Arguments for Baryonic Dark Matter

Variants of the Baryonic Dark Matter Scenario

POPULATION III STARS

Population III as the First Metal Producers

Population III as Dark Matter Producers

Expected Mass of Population III Stars

Population III Remnants

CONSTRAINTS ON POPULATION III

Background Light Constraints

Enrichment Constraints

Helium Constraints

Black Hole Accretion Constraints

DYNAMICAL CONSTRAINTS

Disk Heating by Halo Holes

Disruption of Stellar Clusters by Halo Objects

Effect of Dynamical Friction on Halo Objects

Is the Halo made of Dark Clusters?

Constraints on Dark Objects Outside Halos

GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EFFECTS

Macrolensing Constraints on Compact Objects

Microlensing in Macrolensed Quasars

The Effect of Microlensing on Quasar Luminosity

The Effect of Microlensing on Quasar Density

Line-to-Continuum Effects of Quasars

Microlensing of Gamma-Ray Bursts

Microlensing of Stars by Halo Objects in our own Galaxy

THE BLACK HOLE SCENARIO

Background Light Observations

Infrared Background from VMOs

Generation of 3K Background

Gravitational Radiation from Black Holes

LOW MASS OBJECTS

Cooling Flows in Clusters

Pregalactic and Protogalactic Cooling Flows

M-Dwarfs vs Brown Dwarfs

Evidence from Population I and Population II

Infrared Searches for Brown Dwarfs

CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Reappraisal of Baryonic Dark Matter Candidates

Best Bet Candidates

Future Prospects

REFERENCES